Hydrostatic Densitometer for Monitoring Density in Freshwater to Hypersaline Water Bodies

نویسندگان

چکیده

Density, temperature, salinity, and hydraulic head are physical scalars governing the dynamics of aquatic systems. In coastal aquifers, lakes, oceans, salinity is measured with conductivity sensors, temperature thermistors, density calculated. However, in hypersaline brines, (and density) cannot be determined by measurements due to its high ionic strength. Here, we resolve using a hydrostatic densitometer as function an array pressure sensors relations. This system was tested laboratory applied Dead Sea adjacent aquifer. field, temporal variations vertical profiles two cases, where water varied vertically from 1.0 × 103 kg·m?3 1.24 kg·m?3: (i) borehole aquifer, (ii) offshore buoy region diluted plume. The profile evolved time, responding lowering groundwater lake levels; that demonstrated water-column stratification under influence freshwater discharge atmospheric forcing. method allowed, for first continuous monitoring bodies, it captured stratification.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Water

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['2073-4441']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131842